Thanks for the reply, I'm sorry but I can't tell whether I'm meant to scale in object or component mode. I scaled it while it was in object mode for the screenshots and it didn't work but when I tried the exact same thing on the computers in the class I'm modelling for it worked how I want it to. I'm not sure what the difference is but I've both repaired then reinstalled Maya so I'm not sure what to do.
EDIT: Also I have no idea what construction history and lattice deformers are.